Plexus cardiacus

Plexus cardiacus is a complex network of nerves situated near the base of the heart, primarily composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. It plays a crucial role in the autonomic regulation of the heart, including heart rate and contractility.

Anatomy

The plexus cardiacus is located in the mediastinum, posterior to the root of the aorta and the pulmonary artery, anterior to the trachea, and on either side of the ligamentum arteriosum. It is formed by cardiac branches from both the left and right vagus nerve (parasympathetic), and from the cervical ganglia and thoracic ganglia of the sympathetic trunk (sympathetic).

Function

The plexus cardiacus is involved in the regulation of the heart's function. The parasympathetic fibers, derived from the vagus nerve, primarily slow the heart rate and reduce the force of the heart's contractions. The sympathetic fibers, on the other hand, increase the heart rate and the force of contractions.

Clinical significance

Damage or disease affecting the plexus cardiacus can lead to various cardiac disorders, including arrhythmias, bradycardia, and tachycardia. It can also be involved in certain types of chest pain, such as angina pectoris.

See also

• Autonomic nervous system
• Cardiac cycle
• Cardiac physiology