Polyvinyl acetate

Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA) is a synthetic polymer widely used in a variety of applications due to its versatile properties. It is a type of vinyl polymer, made by polymerizing the monomer vinyl acetate.

History

Polyvinyl acetate was first prepared in the early 20th century by German chemists Fritz Klatte and Wilhelm Rosenthal. They were granted a patent for their process in 1912. The commercial production of PVA started in the 1920s.

Properties

Polyvinyl acetate is a colorless, odorless, nontoxic, and nonflammable solid. It is soluble in many organic solvents but is insoluble in water. It has good resistance to ultraviolet light and weathering, making it suitable for outdoor applications. It also has excellent film-forming, adhesive, and insulating properties.

Production

The production of polyvinyl acetate involves the polymerization of vinyl acetate monomers. This is typically done in a solution, suspension, or emulsion polymerization process. The polymerization reaction is initiated by free radicals, which are generated by heating the reaction mixture or by adding a chemical initiator.

Applications

Polyvinyl acetate is used in a wide range of applications. It is commonly used as an adhesive in the form of white glue or wood glue. It is also used in the production of paints, coatings, and sealants. Other applications include the manufacture of paper, textiles, and plastics, as well as in the food industry as an emulsifier and thickener.

Health and Safety

Polyvinyl acetate is generally considered safe for use. However, exposure to high levels of PVA dust can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Long-term exposure can lead to more serious health effects.

Environmental Impact

Polyvinyl acetate is not considered a hazardous substance. However, it is not readily biodegradable and can persist in the environment for a long time. Proper disposal methods should be followed to minimize its environmental impact.

See Also

• Vinyl polymers
• Vinyl acetate
• Polymerization
• Adhesives
• Coatings