Ponceau 4R

Ponceau 4R (also known as Cochineal Red A, C.I. 16255, E124, Acid Red 18, Food Red 1, Azorubin S, or C.I. Food Red 3) is a synthetic colourant that may be used in a variety of food products. It is denoted by E Number E124 in the E number system, which is a system used for the identification of food additives.

History

Ponceau 4R was first synthesized in the mid-19th century. The name "Ponceau" is derived from the French word for "poppy". The "4R" refers to the particular shade of red of this dye.

Chemical Properties

Ponceau 4R is a azo dye, which means it contains the functional group R-N=N-R', where R and R' can be either aryl or alkyl. Azo dyes are known for their vivid colors and are often used in food and textile industries. Ponceau 4R is a red azo dye and it can be produced in both a water soluble and a salt form.

Usage

Ponceau 4R is used in a variety of food products to give them a red colour. It is often used in sweets, drinks and condiments. It is also used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In the European Union, it is denoted by the E Number E124.

Health Effects

There have been some concerns about the safety of Ponceau 4R. Some studies have suggested that it may cause hyperactivity in children. However, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has concluded that the available data do not provide a clear picture of the risks associated with Ponceau 4R.

Regulation

In the European Union, Ponceau 4R is approved for use in certain food and drink products. However, it is not allowed in foods specifically targeted at children. In the United States, Ponceau 4R is not approved for use in food.

See Also

• Food coloring
• E number
• Azo dye