Poncirus trifoliata

Poncirus trifoliata (also known as trifoliate orange, Japanese bitter-orange, hardy orange, or Chinese bitter orange) is a member of the family Rutaceae, closely related to Citrus, and sometimes included in that genus, being sufficiently closely related that it can be hybridized with all commercial citrus.

Description

Poncirus trifoliata is a deciduous shrub or small tree that typically grows to 5–8 m tall, with a dense, spiny crown. The leaves are trifoliate, with three leaflets, each 3–5 cm long, glossy green above, and lighter below. The flowers are white, with five petals, and are very fragrant. The fruit is a woody berry, resembling a small orange, with a rough, thick, green rind that matures to yellow.

Distribution and habitat

Poncirus trifoliata is native to northern China and Korea, and is also cultivated in Japan. It is often grown for its ornamental value in gardens, for its hardiness, and for its resistance to certain plant diseases.

Uses

Poncirus trifoliata has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. The fruit is also used in the production of marmalade and other preserves, due to its high pectin content. In addition, it is used as a rootstock for grafting other citrus species, due to its disease resistance and hardiness.

Cultivation

Poncirus trifoliata is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of soil conditions, including poor, dry soils, and can withstand temperatures as low as -20°C. It prefers full sun, but can tolerate partial shade. It is propagated by seeds, which require stratification before germination.

See also

• Citrus
• Rutaceae
• Chinese medicine

References

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