Populus × acuminata

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Aquatic and wetland plants of southwestern United States (1972) (19749953685)

Populus × acuminata, commonly known as the lanceleaf cottonwood, is a hybrid species of poplar tree in the Salicaceae family. It is a deciduous tree that results from the cross between Populus deltoides (eastern cottonwood) and Populus angustifolia (narrowleaf cottonwood). This hybrid is notable for its vigorous growth and adaptability to a range of environmental conditions, making it a popular choice for landscaping and reforestation projects.

Description

Populus × acuminata typically reaches heights of 40 to 60 feet, with a broad, open crown that provides ample shade. The leaves of the lanceleaf cottonwood are distinctive, featuring a lanceolate shape with finely serrated margins, a characteristic that gives the tree its common name. The leaves are glossy green on the top surface, with a paler green underside, and they turn yellow or gold in the fall, adding seasonal interest to landscapes.

The tree produces catkins in the spring before the leaves emerge. Male and female flowers are borne on separate trees (dioecious). The fruit is a capsule that splits open to release numerous small seeds, each attached to a tuft of cotton-like fibers that aid in wind dispersal.

Habitat and Distribution

Populus × acuminata is found in various habitats across North America, particularly along riverbanks, in floodplains, and in other moist, well-drained soils. It is tolerant of a range of soil types and pH levels, which, combined with its hybrid vigor, allows it to thrive in many different environments. While it is a hybrid and does not have a natural range in the same way species do, it is commonly planted and can naturalize in suitable habitats.

Uses

Lanceleaf cottonwood is valued for its rapid growth and adaptability, making it suitable for use in windbreaks, erosion control, and reforestation efforts. Its attractive foliage and form also make it a popular choice for parks and large gardens. In addition to its ornamental and practical applications, Populus × acuminata provides habitat and food for various wildlife species, including birds and small mammals.

Cultivation

This tree prefers full sun and can tolerate a variety of moisture levels, although it thrives in moist, well-drained soils. It is relatively easy to grow and can be propagated from cuttings, which is a common method for producing new trees. Care should be taken when planting lanceleaf cottonwood in urban areas, as its large size and extensive root system can interfere with underground utilities and structures.

Conservation

While Populus × acuminata is not considered endangered or threatened, its presence in natural habitats underscores the importance of maintaining healthy riparian zones and floodplains. Conservation efforts aimed at protecting these ecosystems contribute to the well-being of lanceleaf cottonwood and countless other species that depend on these habitats.