Proctosigmoidoscopy

Proctosigmoidoscopy is a medical procedure used to examine the rectum and the lower part of the colon, known as the sigmoid colon. This procedure is performed using a flexible or rigid tube known as a proctoscope or sigmoidoscope.

Procedure

The patient is usually positioned on their left side with knees drawn up towards the chest. The proctoscope or sigmoidoscope is then gently inserted into the rectum and advanced into the sigmoid colon. Air is often introduced to help visualize the area. The procedure allows the doctor to view the lining of the rectum and sigmoid colon, and to take biopsies if necessary.

Indications

Proctosigmoidoscopy is often performed to investigate symptoms such as rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, changes in bowel habits, or unexplained weight loss. It can also be used to screen for colorectal cancer and to monitor patients with a history of colorectal cancer or inflammatory bowel disease.

Risks

While generally safe, proctosigmoidoscopy carries a small risk of complications. These can include bleeding, especially if a biopsy is taken, and perforation of the colon. There may also be discomfort or pain during the procedure, and some patients may experience a feeling of bloating or cramping afterwards.

See also

• Colonoscopy
• Endoscopy
• Gastroenterology

References

Proctosigmoidoscopy Resources
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