Prunus caroliniana

Prunus caroliniana, commonly known as the Carolina cherry laurel, is a species of Prunus, native to the southeastern United States, from North Carolina south to Florida and westward to eastern Texas. The species is part of the Rosaceae family, which includes roses, strawberries, apples, and pears among other plants.

Description

Prunus caroliniana is an evergreen shrub or small tree, 5–15 m tall, with smooth, dark green leaves. The leaves are simple, 5–12 cm long, with a serrated margin. The flowers are small, white, and fragrant, appearing in clusters in late winter to early spring. The fruit is a small, black drupe, 1 cm in diameter, ripening in late summer to early fall.

Distribution and habitat

The Carolina cherry laurel is native to low woods, fields, and maritime forests from southeastern North Carolina to Florida, west to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas. It is adaptable and often found in a variety of soils and conditions, although it prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial shade to full sun.

Cultivation and uses

Prunus caroliniana is often used in landscaping and horticulture. It is a popular choice for hedges and screens, and its dense foliage provides excellent cover for birds and small mammals. The plant is also used in the production of cyanide, which is found in its leaves, seeds, and bark.

Toxicity

All parts of the plant are toxic and can be fatal if ingested by humans or animals. The plant's toxicity is due to the presence of cyanogenic glycosides, which can release cyanide when ingested.

Conservation status

The Carolina cherry laurel is not currently listed as threatened or endangered. However, like many native plants, it faces threats from habitat loss and fragmentation.

See also

• List of Prunus species
• Flora of the Southern United States