Public policy
Public policy refers to the actions taken by government—what it does, why it does it, and how it does it. It's a complex, multi-faceted process that involves the interplay of numerous individuals and interest groups competing and collaborating to influence policymakers to act in a particular way. These individuals and groups use a variety of tactics and tools to advance their aims, including advocating their positions publicly, attempting to educate policymakers and the public, and mobilizing allies on a particular issue.
Definition[edit | edit source]
Public policy can be generally defined as a system of laws, regulatory measures, courses of action, and funding priorities concerning a given topic promulgated by a governmental entity or its representatives. Public policy is commonly embodied in constitutions, legislative acts, and judicial decisions.
Types of public policy[edit | edit source]
Public policy can be classified into different types for better understanding. The types include:
- Substantive public policy: This type of public policy has a major impact on individuals, such as Social Security policy.
- Regulatory policy: This type of public policy regulates the behavior of individuals and corporations, such as environmental policy.
- Distributive policy: This type of public policy distributes resources in society, such as education policy.
- Redistributive policy: This type of public policy involves the redistribution of resources, such as welfare policy.
Public policy process[edit | edit source]
The public policy process is the manner in which public policy is formed. This process is typically characterized by various stages, including:
- Problem identification: The recognition of an issue that requires governmental attention.
- Policy formulation: The development of appropriate courses of action to address the issue.
- Policy adoption: The acceptance of a policy as the official course of action.
- Policy implementation: The execution of the policy by the appropriate governmental agency.
- Policy evaluation: The assessment of the policy’s effectiveness in addressing the issue.
See also[edit | edit source]
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