Pyrroloquinoline quinone

Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a small quinone molecule which has the ability to be a REDOX agent, capable of reducing oxidants (an antioxidant effect) and then being recycled by glutathione back into an active form. It appears to be quite stable as it can undergo several thousand cycles before being used up, and it is novel since it associates with protein structures inside the cell (some antioxidants, mostly notably carotenoids like β-carotene and astaxanthin, are located at specific areas of a cell where they exert proportionally more antioxidant effects due to proximity; PQQ seems to do these near proteins like some sort of amino acid).

Function

PQQ is an essential nutrient, meaning it cannot be synthesized in the human body and must be obtained from the diet. Although PQQ is not currently considered a vitamin, its involvement in cellular functions could potentially be recognized as a new vitamin.

Dietary Sources

Dietary sources of PQQ include kiwifruit, green peppers, and human breast milk.

Health Benefits

PQQ has been shown to have a wide range of benefits for the brain and body. It promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, which can enhance energy production and general resilience. It has neuroprotective effects, which can help protect neurons and the nervous system from oxidative damage. PQQ also has potential as a longevity enhancer, due to its role in mitochondrial function.

Side Effects

There are no known side effects associated with PQQ supplementation, but as with any supplement, it is recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.

See Also

• Antioxidants
• Vitamins
• Mitochondria
• Neuroprotection

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