RPL21

RPL21 is a gene that encodes the ribosomal protein L21, which is a component of the 60S ribosomal subunit in eukaryotic cells. This protein plays a critical role in the protein synthesis process by facilitating the assembly of ribosomes and ensuring the proper translation of mRNA into protein. The RPL21 gene is located on chromosome 13 in humans and is highly conserved across different species, indicating its essential role in cellular function.

The expression of RPL21 is regulated at both the transcriptional and translational levels, ensuring that the production of the ribosomal protein L21 is tightly controlled according to the cell's needs. Abnormalities in the expression or function of RPL21 have been associated with various human diseases, including cancer and developmental disorders. This highlights the importance of RPL21 in maintaining cellular homeostasis and the potential consequences of its dysregulation.

Research into RPL21 has also shed light on the complex process of ribosome biogenesis, a critical aspect of cell biology that involves the coordinated assembly of ribosomal proteins and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) into functional ribosomes. Understanding the role of RPL21 and other ribosomal proteins in this process can provide insights into the mechanisms underlying protein synthesis and its regulation in different physiological and pathological conditions.

In addition to its role in protein synthesis, RPL21 has been implicated in other cellular processes, such as cell cycle regulation and the response to cellular stress. This underscores the multifunctional nature of ribosomal proteins, which, beyond their canonical roles in the ribosome, can participate in various cellular pathways affecting cell growth, proliferation, and survival.