RRNA

rRNA

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a type of RNA that, together with protein, forms the ribosome, the protein factory of the cell. Ribosomes are responsible for translation, the process of producing proteins from amino acids, using messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template.

Structure

rRNA molecules are complex, folded structures. They have several domains, which are regions of the molecule that have a specific structure and function. The structure of rRNA is crucial for its function, as it provides the framework for the assembly of the ribosome and the interaction with other molecules during translation.

Function

The main function of rRNA is to provide the structural framework for the ribosome and to catalyze the peptide bond formation during translation. It does this by positioning the mRNA and the transfer RNA (tRNA) in the correct positions on the ribosome, and by catalyzing the formation of the peptide bond between the amino acids.

Types

There are several types of rRNA, each with a specific function in the ribosome. These include the 5S, 5.8S, 18S, and 28S rRNAs in eukaryotes, and the 5S, 16S, and 23S rRNAs in prokaryotes.

Synthesis

rRNA is synthesized in the nucleolus, a specialized region of the nucleus. The process of rRNA synthesis involves the transcription of the rRNA genes by RNA polymerase I, and the processing of the resulting pre-rRNA molecule into the mature rRNA molecules.

See also

• Ribosome
• RNA
• Translation (biology)

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