Rashidun

Rashidun (also known as the Rashidun Caliphate) was the first of the four major caliphates established after the death of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. It was ruled by the first four successive caliphs (successors) of Muhammad after his death in 632 CE (AH 11). These caliphs are collectively known in Sunni Islam as the Rashidun, or "Rightly Guided" Caliphs.

History

The Rashidun Caliphate is characterized by a twenty-five year period of rapid military expansion, followed by a five-year period of internal strife. The Rashidun Army laid the foundation for the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates to follow.

Rashidun Caliphs

The Rashidun Caliphate was ruled by four caliphs:

• Abu Bakr (632–634)
• Umar (634–644)
• Uthman (644–656)
• Ali (656–661)

Military Expansion

The Rashidun Caliphate expanded rapidly after Muhammad's death. Within the span of twenty-five years, it grew to include the Arabian Peninsula, Palestine, Lebanon, parts of Jordan, much of the Persian empire, and parts of eastern Byzantium.

Internal Strife

The Rashidun Caliphate experienced internal strife during the reign of the fourth caliph, Ali. This led to the First Fitna, or Islamic civil war, which resulted in the establishment of the Umayyad Caliphate.

Legacy

The Rashidun Caliphate is remembered for its military successes and for its significant role in spreading Islam throughout the world.

Rashidun Resources
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