Rhus typhina

Сумах оленерогий (Сумах пушистый, Уксусное дерево) - Rhus typhina - Staghorn sumac - Влакнест шмак - Essigbaum (23408707041)

20150420Rhus typhina1

Rhus typhina, commonly known as staghorn sumac, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae, native to eastern North America. It is primarily found in the Northeastern and Midwestern United States, as well as the Appalachian Mountains and parts of southeastern Canada. This deciduous shrub or small tree is notable for its distinctive appearance, with compound leaves, velvety branches, and cone-shaped clusters of red berries.

Description

Rhus typhina can grow up to 3-10 meters tall, with a spread of 2-5 meters. The plant's common name, "staghorn sumac", derives from the appearance of its branches, which are covered in a dense, velvety fur reminiscent of a stag's antlers. The leaves are pinnately compound, 25-55 cm long, with 11-31 leaflets. Each leaflet is 5-11 cm long, lanceolate, and serrated on the edges.

In the summer, Rhus typhina produces dense panicles of small, greenish-yellow flowers. These flowers are unisexual, with separate male and female plants. By late summer to autumn, the female plants bear bright red drupes that form dense clusters. These fruit clusters remain on the plant through winter, providing visual interest and a food source for wildlife.

Habitat and Distribution

Rhus typhina is adaptable to a wide range of soil types but prefers well-drained soils. It is commonly found in open fields, along roadsides, and in disturbed areas, where it often forms dense thickets. The plant's ability to spread through root suckers makes it an effective colonizer in these environments.

Uses

Historically, the berries of Rhus typhina have been used to make a lemonade-like beverage. They are rich in vitamin C and other antioxidants. The plant has also been used in traditional medicine and for dyeing fabric. In landscaping, Rhus typhina is valued for its striking appearance and its ability to thrive in poor soils, making it a popular choice for erosion control and naturalistic plantings.

Cultivation

Rhus typhina is easily propagated by seed, cuttings, or root division. It is a low-maintenance plant that requires minimal care once established. However, its aggressive root system and potential to spread make it unsuitable for small gardens. Pruning can help control its size and shape.

Ecological Impact

While Rhus typhina is beneficial for erosion control and wildlife, it can become invasive in some areas, outcompeting native vegetation. Management strategies may include regular pruning to prevent seeding and controlling suckering to prevent unwanted spread.

See Also

• Anacardiaceae
• Invasive species
• Erosion control