Role of microglia in disease
Role of Microglia in Disease
Microglia are a type of glial cell that are the resident macrophages of the brain and spinal cord, and thus act as the first and main form of active immune defense in the central nervous system. The role of microglia in disease is complex, as these cells can both promote health and contribute to disease processes.
Function of Microglia[edit | edit source]
Microglia are involved in a variety of physiological processes, including neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation. They are also implicated in several pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative diseases, brain tumors, and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases[edit | edit source]
In neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, microglia contribute to disease progression by promoting inflammation and neurotoxicity. However, they can also have protective effects by clearing pathogenic proteins and debris.
Role in Brain Tumors[edit | edit source]
In brain tumors, microglia can support tumor growth and invasion. They can also contribute to the immune response against the tumor.
Role in Neuropsychiatric Disorders[edit | edit source]
In neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and depression, microglia may contribute to disease pathogenesis through their roles in neuroinflammation and synaptic pruning.
Therapeutic Potential[edit | edit source]
Given their dual roles in health and disease, microglia are being explored as potential therapeutic targets in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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