Ross' syndrome

Ross' syndrome
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	Neurology, Dermatology
Symptoms	Anhidrosis, Areflexia, Miosis, Horner's syndrome
Complications	N/A
Onset
Duration
Types	N/A
Causes	Unknown
Risks
Diagnosis	Clinical evaluation, Autonomic testing
Differential diagnosis	Holmes-Adie syndrome, Horner's syndrome, Diabetic neuropathy
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Symptomatic management
Medication
Prognosis	Variable
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Ross' syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by a triad of symptoms: hypohidrosis (reduced ability to sweat), Adie's pupil (a pupil that does not react to light), and areflexia (absence of neurologic reflexes). It was first described by Douglas Ross in 1958.

Etiology

The exact cause of Ross' syndrome is unknown. It is thought to be due to damage to the autonomic nervous system, specifically the parasympathetic nervous system. This damage may be caused by an autoimmune process, but this is not confirmed.

Clinical Features

The main features of Ross' syndrome are:

• Hypohidrosis: This is usually the first symptom to appear. It is often patchy and asymmetric, affecting one side of the body more than the other. It can lead to heat intolerance and fever.
• Adie's pupil: This is a condition where the pupil is dilated and reacts slowly, or not at all, to light. It usually affects one eye but can affect both.
• Areflexia: This is a lack of reflexes, particularly in the lower limbs. It can lead to difficulty with balance and coordination.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Ross' syndrome is based on the clinical features. There is no specific test for the condition. Other conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as Horner's syndrome and Harlequin syndrome, should be ruled out.

Treatment

There is no cure for Ross' syndrome. Treatment is aimed at managing the symptoms. This may include using artificial tears for dry eyes, wearing cool clothing and staying in cool environments to manage heat intolerance, and physical therapy for balance and coordination problems.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Ross' syndrome is generally good. The condition is not life-threatening, but it can cause significant discomfort and inconvenience. The symptoms tend to progress slowly over many years.

See Also

• Adie's pupil
• Hypohidrosis
• Areflexia