Ruku

Ruku (also spelled as Rukū) is an essential component of the Islamic prayer (Salat) that involves bowing down in a specific posture. During the performance of Salat, Ruku is observed after the recitation of Al-Fatiha and another Quranic chapter or verses in the standing position. It is a physical demonstration of a Muslim's humility and submission before Allah.

Etymology and Definition

The term Ruku is derived from the Arabic root word R-K-A, which conveys meanings related to bending, bowing, and inclining. In the context of Islamic worship, Ruku specifically refers to the act of bowing down where the hands are placed on the knees, and the back is kept straight, parallel to the ground. This position signifies a deep respect and adoration towards Allah, acknowledging His greatness and majesty.

Performance

To perform Ruku correctly, a worshipper must:

1. Stand erect with hands raised in the initial Takbir.
2. Then, gently bow forward, placing the hands on the knees.
3. Keep the back and head level in a straight line, avoiding sagging or raising the head.
4. Recite the supplication, "Subhana Rabbiyal Adheem" (Glory be to my Lord, the Most Great), three times.
5. Remain in this position for a few seconds, reflecting on the humility and submission to Allah.

After completing the Ruku, the worshipper stands back up, reciting, "Sami' Allahu liman hamidah" (Allah hears those who praise Him), followed by "Rabbana lakal hamd" (Our Lord, to You is due all praise).

Significance

Ruku is not merely a physical act but a manifestation of a Muslim's servitude and recognition of Allah's omnipotence. It serves as a moment of reflection on one's insignificance in comparison to the divine, fostering a sense of humility and gratitude. The posture of bowing down, with the heart elevated above the head, symbolizes the elevation of spiritual desires over intellectual pride and ego.

In the Quran and Hadith

The importance of Ruku in Salat is emphasized in various Hadith and verses of the Quran. For instance, Allah commands in the Quran, "O you who have believed, bow and prostrate and worship your Lord and do good - that you may succeed." (Quran 22:77). This verse highlights the significance of Ruku as an act of worship.

See Also

• Salat
• Sujud - The prostration that follows Ruku in Salat.
• Takbir
• Al-Fatiha