SLCO1B3

SLCO1B3

SLCO1B3, also known as solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLCO1B3 gene. This protein is part of the organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) family, which are responsible for the uptake of a wide range of endogenous and exogenous organic anions.

Function

SLCO1B3 is primarily expressed in the liver and plays a crucial role in the hepatic uptake of various compounds, including bile acids, bilirubin, and numerous drugs. It functions as a transporter that facilitates the movement of these substances from the blood into the liver cells, where they can be metabolized or excreted.

The SLCO1B3 protein is an integral membrane protein that spans the cell membrane multiple times, forming a channel through which substrates can pass. It is known to transport a variety of substrates, including:

• Bile acids: Essential for the digestion and absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine.
• Bilirubin: A breakdown product of hemoglobin that needs to be excreted from the body.
• Drugs: Various pharmaceuticals, including statins, antibiotics, and anticancer drugs.

Clinical Significance

Mutations or polymorphisms in the SLCO1B3 gene can affect the function of the transporter, leading to altered drug pharmacokinetics and potential drug toxicity. For example, certain polymorphisms have been associated with altered clearance of drugs such as statins, which can lead to increased risk of side effects like myopathy.

SLCO1B3 is also of interest in cancer research, as its expression can be altered in certain types of cancer, affecting the uptake and efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents.

Genetic Variability

The SLCO1B3 gene exhibits genetic variability, with several known polymorphisms that can influence the transporter's activity. These genetic differences can lead to interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity.

Research and Applications

Research into SLCO1B3 is ongoing, with studies focusing on its role in drug metabolism, its potential as a biomarker for liver function, and its involvement in disease states such as hyperbilirubinemia and cancer.

Also see

• SLCO1B1
• Organic anion transporting polypeptides
• Bile acid metabolism
• Drug metabolism
• Pharmacogenomics