SLIT1

Ideogram human chromosome 10

SLIT1

SLIT1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLIT1 gene. It is a member of the SLIT family of proteins, which are involved in axon guidance and cell migration during development. SLIT1 functions as a ligand for the ROBO receptors, playing a crucial role in regulating neuronal migration and axon guidance in the developing nervous system.

Structure

SLIT1 is a large secreted protein that contains multiple leucine-rich repeats and epidermal growth factor-like domains. These structural features enable SLIT1 to interact with its receptor, ROBO, and modulate downstream signaling pathways involved in cell migration and axon guidance.

Function

SLIT1 acts as a repulsive cue for axon guidance by binding to ROBO receptors on growth cones of developing neurons. This interaction triggers signaling cascades that result in growth cone collapse and redirection of axonal growth. In addition to its role in the nervous system, SLIT1 has also been implicated in regulating cell migration and tissue morphogenesis in various other tissues and organs.

Clinical Significance

Mutations in the SLIT1 gene have been associated with certain developmental disorders, including defects in neural tube closure and abnormal brain development. Dysregulation of SLIT1 expression has also been linked to cancer progression and metastasis, highlighting its importance in both normal development and disease pathogenesis.

Interactions

SLIT1 interacts with the ROBO family of receptors, including ROBO1 and ROBO2, to mediate its effects on axon guidance and cell migration. These interactions are tightly regulated and play a critical role in establishing proper neuronal connectivity and tissue organization during development.