SULT2A1
| Sulfotransferase family cytosolic 2A member 1 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||
| Symbol | ? | ||||||
| HGNC | 11449 | ||||||
| OMIM | 600947 | ||||||
| RefSeq | NM_003167 | ||||||
| UniProt | Q06520 | ||||||
| |||||||
SULT2A1 (Sulfotransferase family cytosolic 2A member 1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SULT2A1 gene. This enzyme is part of the sulfotransferase family, which is responsible for the sulfation of various molecules, including hormones, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds.
Function[edit | edit source]
SULT2A1 is primarily involved in the sulfation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and other steroid hormones. Sulfation is a crucial process that increases the water solubility of compounds, facilitating their excretion from the body. This enzyme is expressed in various tissues, including the liver, adrenal gland, and intestine.
The activity of SULT2A1 is important for the regulation of hormone levels and the metabolism of drugs. It plays a significant role in the detoxification pathways by converting lipophilic compounds into more hydrophilic sulfate conjugates.
Structure[edit | edit source]
SULT2A1 is a cytosolic enzyme that belongs to the sulfotransferase family. It has a conserved structure typical of sulfotransferases, which includes a PAPS (3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate) binding site. PAPS serves as the sulfate donor in the sulfation reaction.
Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]
Alterations in the activity of SULT2A1 can affect the metabolism of steroid hormones and drugs, potentially leading to various clinical conditions. For instance, changes in SULT2A1 activity have been associated with adrenal disorders and altered drug metabolism.
Genetic Information[edit | edit source]
The SULT2A1 gene is located on chromosome 19q13.3. It consists of several exons and encodes a protein of approximately 285 amino acids. Genetic polymorphisms in SULT2A1 can lead to variations in enzyme activity among individuals, influencing their response to drugs and susceptibility to certain diseases.
Research and Applications[edit | edit source]
Research on SULT2A1 focuses on understanding its role in drug metabolism and hormone regulation. It is also studied in the context of pharmacogenomics to predict individual responses to medications based on genetic variations.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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