SYT4

Protein SYT4 PDB 1ugk

SYT4

SYT4 is a gene that encodes a protein known as synaptotagmin 4. This protein is primarily found in the brain and plays a crucial role in synaptic vesicle exocytosis, which is the process by which neurotransmitters are released from nerve cells.

Function

SYT4 is a member of the synaptotagmin family of proteins, which are involved in regulating the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the cell membrane during neurotransmitter release. Specifically, SYT4 is thought to be involved in the regulation of vesicle fusion at specific types of synapses in the brain.

Structure

The SYT4 protein contains several domains, including two C2 domains that are involved in calcium-dependent binding to membranes. These domains allow SYT4 to sense changes in calcium levels within the cell, which is important for triggering the release of neurotransmitters.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SYT4 gene have been associated with certain neurological disorders, including epilepsy and schizophrenia. Studies have shown that alterations in SYT4 expression levels can disrupt normal synaptic function, leading to abnormal neurotransmitter release and communication between nerve cells.

Interactions

SYT4 has been shown to interact with a variety of other proteins involved in synaptic vesicle exocytosis, including SNARE proteins and calcium sensors. These interactions are essential for the proper regulation of neurotransmitter release and synaptic transmission.