Sacred Twenty

Navy nurse corps 1908

Sacred Twenty refers to a group of pioneering female nurses who served in the United States Navy during the early 20th century. These women were the first to formally serve as nurses within the Navy, marking a significant milestone in both military and nursing history. The Sacred Twenty were officially appointed after the establishment of the Navy Nurse Corps in 1908, under the authorization of President Theodore Roosevelt. Their service set a precedent for the inclusion of women in the military and healthcare services within the armed forces.

Background

Prior to the establishment of the Navy Nurse Corps, nursing care in the Navy was primarily provided by male hospital stewards or contracted female nurses. The Spanish-American War of 1898 highlighted the need for a more formal and organized nursing service within the Navy. The efforts and lobbying of several influential figures, including Dr. Anita Newcomb McGee, played a crucial role in the establishment of the Navy Nurse Corps, leading to the appointment of the Sacred Twenty.

The Sacred Twenty

The Sacred Twenty were appointed in 1908 and included Esther Voorhees Hasson, who was named the first Superintendent of the Navy Nurse Corps. These women were stationed at various naval hospitals, including the Naval Medical Center Portsmouth in Virginia, the Naval Hospital Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, and the Naval Hospital Mare Island in California. Their responsibilities ranged from caring for sick and injured sailors and marines to training hospital corpsmen in basic nursing skills.

Impact and Legacy

The service of the Sacred Twenty laid the groundwork for the expansion and professionalization of the Navy Nurse Corps. Their pioneering role opened doors for thousands of women who followed in their footsteps, serving in both World Wars and beyond. The integration of women into the military and nursing services represented a significant shift in societal norms and expectations regarding women's roles in the workforce and the military.

Throughout their service, the Sacred Twenty and their successors faced challenges, including limited authority and recognition compared to their male counterparts. However, their dedication and professionalism paved the way for greater equality and integration within the military services.

Conclusion

The Sacred Twenty were trailblazers who not only contributed significantly to the care of service members but also played a pivotal role in the evolution of nursing as a profession within the military. Their legacy is a testament to the critical role of nurses in healthcare and the military, highlighting the importance of diversity and inclusion in all sectors of society.