Santa Claus

St Nicholas Icon Sinai 13th century

Scrooges third visitor-John Leech,1843

Intocht van Sinterklaas in Schiedam 2009 (4102602499) (2)

08 St. Nikolaas bij een Snoeper

Georg von Rosen - Oden som vandringsman, 1886 (Odin, the Wanderer)

The Children's friend. Number III. A New-Year's present, to the little ones from five to twelve. Part III (1821), page 1

Santa Claus, also known as Saint Nicholas, Kris Kringle, Father Christmas, or simply Santa, is a legendary figure originating in Western Christian culture who is said to bring gifts to the homes of well-behaved ("good" or "nice") children on Christmas Eve (24 December) and the early morning hours of Christmas Day (25 December). The modern Santa Claus grew out of traditions surrounding the historical Saint Nicholas (a 4th-century Greek bishop of Myra), the British figure of Father Christmas, and the Dutch figure of Sinterklaas (itself based on Saint Nicholas). Santa Claus is generally depicted as a portly, joyous, white-bearded man—sometimes with spectacles—wearing a red coat with white fur collar and cuffs, white-fur-cuffed red trousers, a red hat with white fur, and black leather belt and boots and carrying a bag full of gifts for children.

Origins and History

The character of Santa Claus is based on Saint Nicholas, a historical figure who lived in the 4th century. Saint Nicholas was known for his generosity, such as giving gifts to the poor, and thus became the model for Santa Claus. Over the centuries, various folklore and traditions from different cultures merged, shaping the modern image of Santa Claus. The name "Santa Claus" evolved from Nick's Dutch nickname, Sinter Klaas, a shortened form of Sint Nikolaas (Dutch for Saint Nicholas).

In the 19th century, the poem "A Visit from St. Nicholas" (also known as "The Night Before Christmas") and illustrations by Thomas Nast played a significant role in popularizing the image of Santa Claus with the red suit and white beard. The Coca-Cola Company further solidified this image of Santa in their Christmas advertising in the 1930s.

Traditions and Celebrations

Santa Claus is traditionally associated with the Christmas season, during which he is believed to deliver presents to children around the world. This is accomplished with the aid of his elves, who make the toys in his workshop at the North Pole, and his reindeer, who pull his sleigh through the air. The practice of hanging stockings by the fireplace also derives from the legend of Saint Nicholas.

In many countries, children leave out snacks for Santa Claus and his reindeer on Christmas Eve. Santa's arrival is often anticipated with various rituals and activities, such as tracking his journey via NORAD Tracks Santa.

Cultural Impact

Santa Claus has become a significant figure in Christmas and Western culture, symbolizing the spirit of giving. His image appears in various media, including movies, songs, and literature, reinforcing his association with the holiday season. Santa Claus also plays a role in the commercial aspect of Christmas, with his image being used in advertising and retail.

Controversies and Criticism

The figure of Santa Claus has been subject to criticism, with some arguing that the emphasis on gift-giving contributes to the commercialization of Christmas. Others have raised concerns about the impact of the Santa Claus myth on children's understanding of reality and generosity.

See Also

• Christmas
• Saint Nicholas
• Reindeer in popular culture
• Christmas in the media

External Links

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