Saussurea obvallata

Brahma Kamal

Saussurea obvallata is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family, native to the Himalayas and surrounding regions. It is commonly known as the Brahma Kamal, named after the Hindu god Brahma. This plant is highly revered in various cultures and religions, including Hinduism and Buddhism, where it is often associated with divinity and purity.

Description

Saussurea obvallata is a perennial herb that grows at high altitudes of 3000 to 4500 meters. The plant is characterized by its large, spherical, purple inflorescences, which are actually a collection of flowers enveloped by layers of green bracts. The true flowers are small and found inside these bracts. The leaves of Saussurea obvallata are basal, meaning they grow from the base of the stem, and are thick and leathery, adapted to the harsh, cold environment of its native habitat.

Habitat and Distribution

This species is found in the Himalayan regions, including India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Tibet. It prefers rocky and sloping terrains and is often seen in alpine meadows and valleys. The plant's adaptation to high altitudes makes it a subject of interest for studies on high-altitude plant life and its survival mechanisms.

Cultural Significance

In Hindu mythology, the Brahma Kamal is believed to be a favorite of the gods and is used in various religious ceremonies and offerings. It is said to bloom once a year at night and is considered auspicious and a symbol of life and creation. In Tibetan Buddhism, it is associated with the Buddha and is used in traditional medicine and rituals.

Conservation Status

Due to its limited distribution and the specific environmental conditions it requires, Saussurea obvallata is considered vulnerable. The main threats to its survival include habitat destruction, overharvesting for religious and medicinal purposes, and climate change. Conservation efforts are underway to protect this unique species and its habitat, including cultivation in botanical gardens and protected areas.

Botanical Research

Research on Saussurea obvallata focuses on its adaptation to high altitudes, its medicinal properties, and its role in traditional medicine. It is known to contain several compounds of interest for their potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

See Also

• Asteraceae
• Flora of the Himalayas
• Traditional medicine
• Conservation status