Scarlet fritillary

Scarlet Fritillary (Fritillaria recurva) is a species of flowering plant in the lily family (Liliaceae), native to the western United States. It is known for its striking red, bell-shaped flowers, which make it a popular choice for gardens and wildflower displays. The plant typically grows in mountainous regions, thriving in well-drained soils and full to partial sunlight.

Description

Scarlet Fritillary reaches a height of 10 to 50 centimeters, with a slender stem that supports a solitary or, occasionally, a small cluster of flowers. The leaves are lanceolate, arranged in a whorled or alternate pattern along the stem. The flowers are pendulous, with recurved petals that are predominantly red, sometimes adorned with yellow or orange spots near the base. The blooming period is from late spring to early summer, attracting pollinators such as bees and hummingbirds.

Habitat and Distribution

This species is found primarily in the western United States, including California, Oregon, and Washington. Its habitat ranges from open woodlands to grassy slopes and alpine meadows, at elevations from 300 to 2,400 meters. Scarlet Fritillary is adapted to regions with dry summers and moist winters, typical of the Mediterranean climate zones.

Cultivation and Uses

Scarlet Fritillary is valued in horticulture for its vibrant flowers and ease of care. It prefers well-drained soils and can be grown in rock gardens, borders, or as a part of naturalized meadow plantings. The bulbs should be planted in the fall for spring flowering. While it is relatively low maintenance, it is susceptible to overwatering and bulb rot.

In addition to its ornamental value, Scarlet Fritillary has been used in traditional medicine by indigenous peoples of its native range. However, its medicinal properties have not been extensively studied in modern science.

Conservation

While not currently listed as endangered, Scarlet Fritillary faces threats from habitat destruction, overgrazing, and urbanization. Conservation efforts are focused on habitat preservation and promoting sustainable practices in areas where the plant is found.