Screwdriver

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Screwdriver is a tool designed for the insertion and tightening or loosening of screws. A typical screwdriver has a handle and a shaft, ending in a tip the user puts into the screw head before turning the handle. The shaft is usually made of tough steel to resist bending or twisting. Handles may be made of plastic, metal, or wood and are often designed to provide a comfortable grip and to prevent the tool from rolling when laid down.

Types of Screwdrivers

There are various types of screwdrivers, each designed to serve a specific purpose. The most common types include:

• Flat-head screwdriver: Also known as a slotted screwdriver, this tool is designed to fit into the single, linear notch of a flat-head screw.
• Phillips screwdriver: This screwdriver has a cross-shaped tip that fits into the corresponding cross-shaped recess of Phillips screws. It was designed to provide better torque and reduce slippage.
• Torx screwdriver: Characterized by a star-shaped tip, Torx screwdrivers are used for screws with a similar pattern. They are known for their ability to prevent cam-out.
• Robertson screwdriver: Also known as a square screwdriver, it has a square-shaped tip and is used for screws with a square recess. It is particularly popular in Canada.
• Hex screwdriver: Also called an Allen key, it is used for screws with a hexagonal recess.

Usage

The primary use of a screwdriver is to drive screws into a material by applying torque to the screw's head. This is achieved by fitting the screwdriver's tip into the head of a screw and turning the handle. The process can be used for both tightening and loosening screws, depending on the direction of the turn.

Maintenance

To ensure longevity and functionality, screwdrivers require proper maintenance. This includes regular cleaning to remove debris and oiling the shaft to prevent rust. It is also important to use the correct size and type of screwdriver for the screw to avoid damaging the tool or screw.

Safety

When using a screwdriver, safety precautions should be taken to prevent injury. This includes wearing safety goggles to protect the eyes from flying debris and ensuring that the handle is dry to prevent slipping. Additionally, one should never use a screwdriver as a chisel or pry bar, as this can lead to tool damage or personal injury.

History

The invention of the screwdriver is closely linked to the development of the screw. Early screws were used in armor and guns in the 15th century, but the tools for driving them were not yet standardized. The flat-bladed screwdriver first appeared in the late 16th century in Germany and France. The Phillips screwdriver was invented by Henry F. Phillips in the 1930s and quickly became popular due to its self-centering design, which was ideal for the automotive assembly line.

See Also

• Hand tool
• Power tool
• Torque

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