Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf
Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf
The Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf was a significant event in the history of deaf education, held in 1889 in Paris, France. This congress followed the first congress held in Milan in 1880, which had profound implications for the education of deaf individuals worldwide.
Background[edit | edit source]
The late 19th century was a period of intense debate regarding the best methods for educating deaf students. The first congress, known as the Milan Conference of 1880, had endorsed oralism, a method that emphasized speech and lip-reading over sign language. This decision had a lasting impact on deaf education, leading to widespread adoption of oralist methods and the marginalization of sign language.
Purpose and Goals[edit | edit source]
The Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf aimed to revisit the discussions from the Milan Conference and address the ongoing controversies in deaf education. The congress sought to bring together educators, researchers, and advocates to share insights and experiences from different countries.
Key Discussions[edit | edit source]
The congress featured a series of presentations and debates on various topics related to deaf education, including:
- Oralism vs. Manualism: Continuing the debate from the Milan Conference, participants discussed the merits and drawbacks of oralism and manualism (the use of sign language).
- Pedagogical Approaches: Educators shared different teaching methods and curricula designed to improve educational outcomes for deaf students.
- Technological Innovations: The role of emerging technologies in supporting deaf education was explored, including early hearing aids and visual aids.
Outcomes[edit | edit source]
While the Second International Congress did not overturn the decisions made at the Milan Conference, it provided a platform for advocates of sign language to voice their perspectives. The congress highlighted the diversity of educational practices and the need for a more inclusive approach to deaf education.
Legacy[edit | edit source]
The discussions and outcomes of the Second International Congress on Education of the Deaf contributed to the ongoing evolution of deaf education. It underscored the importance of considering the needs and preferences of deaf individuals in educational policy and practice.
See Also[edit | edit source]
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