Semicircular canal

Semicircular canal is a component of the inner ear in many animals, which is a part of the vestibular system. The semicircular canals are three tiny, fluid-filled tubes in your inner ear that help you keep your balance. When your head moves around, the liquid inside these canals sloshes around and moves against tiny hairs. The hairs then send a signal to your brain about the body's movement.

Structure

The semicircular canals are a part of the bony labyrinth and are lined with ciliated epithelium, which is responsible for the production of endolymph. Each of these three canals is oriented at a different angle and is responsible for a different dimension of movement. The three canals are the horizontal semicircular canal, the anterior semicircular canal, and the posterior semicircular canal.

Function

The semicircular canals detect rotations of the head and are a part of the vestibular system, which contributes to our sense of balance and spatial orientation. The canals are filled with a fluid called endolymph. When the head rotates, the endolymph in the semicircular canals moves and stimulates the hair cells inside. These hair cells then send signals to the brain about the direction and speed of rotation.

Clinical significance

Dysfunction of the semicircular canals can lead to conditions like vertigo, dizziness, and balance disorders. These conditions can be caused by inflammation, infection, or other damage to the canals. Treatment for these conditions often involves medications, physical therapy, or in some cases, surgery.

See also

• Inner ear
• Vestibular system
• Bony labyrinth
• Endolymph
• Hair cells

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