Senile plaques

Senile plaques, also known as amyloid plaques, are extracellular deposits of amyloid beta in the grey matter of the brain. They are a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline.

Overview

Senile plaques are primarily composed of amyloid beta, a protein fragment that is produced by the cleavage of the larger amyloid precursor protein (APP). In healthy individuals, these fragments are broken down and eliminated. In individuals with Alzheimer's disease, however, they accumulate to form insoluble plaques.

Pathogenesis

The exact mechanism by which senile plaques contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease is not fully understood. However, it is believed that the accumulation of amyloid beta can lead to neuronal death and inflammation, which in turn contribute to the cognitive symptoms of the disease.

Diagnosis

Senile plaques can be detected in the brain through various imaging techniques, such as positron emission tomography (PET) and MRI. They can also be identified post-mortem during an autopsy.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for Alzheimer's disease, and treatment is primarily focused on managing symptoms. However, research is ongoing to develop therapies that can reduce the formation of senile plaques or enhance their clearance from the brain.

See also

• Neurofibrillary tangles
• Tau protein
• Neurodegeneration

Senile plaques Resources
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