Senilia senilis

Senilia senilis

Senilia senilis is a species of marine bivalve mollusc in the family Arcidae, commonly known as the "Senile Ark Clam". It is native to the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea, and is commercially harvested for its meat and shell.

Description

The Senilia senilis has a thick, robust shell that can reach up to 10 cm in length. The shell's exterior is typically a dull brown or grey, while the interior is a shiny white. The shell's shape is somewhat rectangular, with a slight curve. The mollusc itself has a soft body with two siphons at one end, which it uses for feeding and respiration.

Distribution and Habitat

Senilia senilis is found in the western Indian Ocean, including the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden, and the coast of East Africa as far south as Mozambique. It inhabits intertidal mudflats and sandy areas, often forming dense beds.

Life Cycle and Behavior

The life cycle of Senilia senilis includes a planktonic larval stage, during which the larvae float freely in the water. After several weeks, the larvae settle onto the seabed and metamorphose into juvenile clams. The clams are filter feeders, extracting plankton and detritus from the water. They are also known to burrow into the substrate for protection.

Commercial Use

Senilia senilis is harvested for its meat, which is consumed locally and exported. The shells are also used in the manufacture of buttons and other items. Overharvesting has led to declines in some populations, and management measures are being implemented to ensure the sustainability of the fishery.

Conservation

While Senilia senilis is not currently listed as threatened or endangered, overharvesting and habitat degradation pose significant threats to its populations. Conservation efforts are focused on sustainable harvesting practices and habitat protection.

See Also

• Marine Bivalve Molluscs
• Arcidae
• Indian Ocean
• Red Sea

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