Serous membrane
(Redirected from Serosal)
Serous membrane or serosa is a smooth tissue membrane consisting of two layers of mesothelium, which secrete serous fluid. The inner layer that covers organs (viscera) in body cavities is called the visceral membrane. A second layer of epithelial cells of the serosa, called the parietal layer, lines the body wall.
Structure[edit | edit source]
Serous membranes line and enclose several body cavities, known as serous cavities, where they secrete a lubricating fluid which reduces friction from muscle movement. Serosae have special names given to them, and are classified into:
- Pleura: The pleural serosa, in the thoracic cavity, is divided into the parietal pleura (lining the inside of the body wall) and the visceral pleura (covering the lungs).
- Peritoneum: The peritoneal serosa, in the abdominal cavity, is divided into the parietal peritoneum (lining the inside of the body wall) and the visceral peritoneum (covering the abdominal organs).
- Pericardium: The pericardial serosa, in the pericardial cavity, is divided into the parietal pericardium (lining the inside of the body wall) and the visceral pericardium (covering the heart).
Function[edit | edit source]
The serous membranes produce serous fluid, a thin, watery form of lubrication that allows organs to slide against each other without causing damage during muscle contractions.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Inflammation of the serous membranes often results in serous fluid build-up in the serous cavities, a condition known as an effusion. This can occur in various diseases, such as pleurisy and peritonitis.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD