Sesamum indicum

Sesamum indicum is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum, also known as sesame. It is one of the oldest cultivated plants in the world, grown primarily for its oil-rich seeds. The plant is native to sub-Saharan Africa but naturalized in many tropical regions around the world.

Description

Sesamum indicum is an annual plant growing to 50 to 100 cm tall. The leaves are opposite, broad lanceolate. The flowers are tubular, 3 to 5 cm long, with a four-lobed mouth. The seeds of Sesamum indicum are small and flat, each measuring about 3 to 4 mm long.

Cultivation and uses

Sesamum indicum is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods. Sesame seeds are a rich source of oil. The seeds are used whole in cooking for their rich, nutty flavor. They are also used in the production of sesame oil, a healthy cooking oil, and tahini, a sesame paste used in various cuisines.

History

Sesame has been cultivated for its seeds for over 3000 years. The plant was a highly prized oil crop in ancient civilizations, due to its resistance to drought and heat.

Cultivars

There are many cultivars of Sesamum indicum. The most common ones include 'White' (used for its high oil content), 'Black' (used for its medicinal properties), and 'Brown' (used for its nutty flavor).

Health benefits

Sesame seeds are rich in protein, fiber, and various important minerals. They also contain antioxidants, which can help protect against cell damage.

See also

• Sesame oil
• Sesame seed
• Tahini

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