Skin irritation

Skin Irritation
Other names	Dermatitis, Rash
Specialty	Dermatology
Symptoms	Redness, itching, swelling, warmth
Complications	Infection
Usual onset	Rapid
Duration	Variable
Types	Chemical, physical, biological
Causes	Allergens, irritants, genetic factors
Diagnostic method	Based on symptoms, patch testing
Prevention	Avoidance of known irritants, protective clothing
Treatment	Moisturizers, corticosteroids, antihistamines
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	Common

Skin irritation is a common condition characterized by an inflammatory response of the skin to various stimuli. It can manifest as redness, itching, swelling, and warmth in the affected area. Skin irritation can result from a variety of causes, including exposure to allergens, chemicals, physical agents, and biological irritants.

Causes

Skin irritation can be caused by numerous factors:

• Chemical irritants: Substances such as acids, alkalis, detergents, and solvents can cause irritation upon contact with the skin.
• Physical irritants: Friction, pressure, and extreme temperatures can also lead to skin irritation.
• Biological irritants: Plant saps, insect bites, and animal dander are common biological causes.
• Allergic reactions: Some individuals may develop irritation due to an allergic reaction to substances like nickel, rubber, or certain cosmetics.

Symptoms

The symptoms of skin irritation include:

• Redness
• Itching
• Swelling
• Warmth
• Sometimes, blistering or peeling of the skin

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of skin irritation is primarily based on the appearance of the skin and a detailed patient history. Patch testing may be used to identify specific allergens in cases of suspected allergic dermatitis.

Treatment

Treatment for skin irritation includes:

• Avoiding the irritant or allergen
• Applying moisturizers to hydrate the skin
• Using over-the-counter or prescription corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Taking antihistamines to alleviate itching

Prevention

Preventive measures include:

• Using protective clothing and gloves
• Applying barrier creams
• Avoiding known allergens and irritants

See also

• Contact dermatitis
• Allergic reaction
• Eczema
• Psoriasis