Social exclusion

Social exclusion is a complex and multi-dimensional process. It involves the lack or denial of resources, rights, goods and services, and the inability to participate in the normal relationships and activities, available to the majority of people in a society, whether in economic, social, cultural or political arenas. It affects both the quality of life of individuals and the equity and cohesion of society as a whole.

Definition

The concept of social exclusion originated in France (exclusion sociale) in the mid-1970s. It was initially used to describe people who were not protected by the social insurance system and were therefore excluded from the benefits of the welfare state. Over time, the concept has been broadened to include other dimensions of exclusion, such as the denial of political, social and cultural rights.

Causes

Social exclusion can be caused by a variety of factors, including poverty, discrimination, unemployment, mental health issues, and disability. It can also be a result of structural inequalities in society, such as those based on race, gender, or class.

Effects

The effects of social exclusion can be profound and long-lasting. It can lead to a lack of self-esteem, a sense of isolation, and a feeling of powerlessness. It can also have serious implications for physical and mental health, and can lead to a cycle of poverty and exclusion that can be difficult to break.

Strategies for combating social exclusion

There are many strategies for combating social exclusion, including social inclusion policies, anti-discrimination laws, and social welfare programs. These strategies aim to ensure that all individuals have equal access to resources and opportunities, and are able to participate fully in society.

See also

• Poverty
• Discrimination
• Unemployment
• Mental health
• Disability
• Social inclusion
• Anti-discrimination laws
• Social welfare