Soil erosion

Soil Erosion

Soil erosion is a naturally occurring process that affects all landforms. In agriculture, soil erosion refers to the wearing away of a field's topsoil by the natural physical forces of water (hydrological) and wind (Wind erosion) or through forces associated with farming activities such as tillage.

Causes of Soil Erosion

Soil erosion is caused primarily by the detachment and transport of soil by rainfall, running water, wind, ice, or other geological agents, including such activities as gravitational creep and surface runoff. Human activities, such as deforestation, overgrazing, and improper agricultural practices, can also significantly contribute to soil erosion.

Effects of Soil Erosion

Soil erosion has a number of negative effects. It can lead to decreased agricultural productivity, as well as degradation of the physical environment. It can cause problems for aquatic ecosystems, as eroded soil particles can disrupt the clarity of water and harm aquatic life.

Prevention and Control

There are several methods to prevent and control soil erosion. These include agricultural practices such as contour plowing, terracing, and the use of cover crops. Other methods include the use of physical structures such as windbreaks and retaining walls.

See Also

• Desertification
• Deforestation
• Sustainable agriculture
• Soil conservation

References

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