Soleus muscle

The Soleus muscle is a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg (the calf). It runs from just below the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing and walking. It is closely connected to the Gastrocnemius muscle and some anatomists consider them to be a single muscle, the triceps surae. Its name is derived from the Latin word "solea", meaning "sandal".

Anatomy

The soleus is located in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg. It originates from the posterior aspect of the fibular head, the upper quarter of the posterior surface of the fibula, the middle third of the medial border of the tibia, and a tendinous arch between the tibia and fibula.

The soleus muscle is a broad, flat muscle that lies underneath the gastrocnemius muscle. It forms the Achilles tendon when it inserts into the calcaneus with the gastrocnemius.

Function

The primary function of the soleus muscle is to pull the heel down (plantarflexion). This action is important for walking, running, and dancing. It is also used to maintain an upright posture. If the soleus did not pull the heel down, the body would fall forward.

Clinical significance

Injury to the soleus muscle can cause pain and swelling in the calf. This is often seen in athletes who do a lot of jumping and running. Treatment usually involves rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). In severe cases, surgery may be required.

See also

• Gastrocnemius muscle
• Achilles tendon
• Triceps surae muscle

References

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  Illustration of lower extremity muscles
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  Soleus muscle in the lower leg
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  Animation of the soleus muscle
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  Muscles of the lower leg
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  Color illustration of the soleus muscle
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  Soleus muscle anatomy
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  Soleus muscle