South Carolina Penitentiary

SC Penitentiary

== South Carolina Penitentiary ==

The South Carolina Penitentiary, also known as the Central Correctional Institution, was a maximum security prison located in Columbia, South Carolina. It was the oldest prison in the state, having been established in 1866. The penitentiary was operational until 1994, when it was closed and subsequently demolished.

History

The South Carolina Penitentiary was constructed shortly after the American Civil War to address the need for a state-run prison facility. The original structure was built using inmate labor and was designed to house approximately 500 inmates. Over the years, the facility underwent several expansions and renovations to accommodate the growing prison population.

Architecture

The penitentiary was known for its imposing architecture, featuring large stone walls and guard towers. The design was typical of 19th-century prison construction, emphasizing security and control. The main building included administrative offices, cell blocks, and facilities for inmate labor.

Inmate Labor

Inmate labor was a significant aspect of the penitentiary's operations. Prisoners were employed in various industries, including agriculture, manufacturing, and construction. This labor was used both to maintain the prison and to generate revenue for the state.

Notable Inmates

Over its long history, the South Carolina Penitentiary housed many notable inmates, including serial killers, political prisoners, and other high-profile criminals. The prison's most infamous inmate was Pee Wee Gaskins, a notorious serial killer who was executed in 1991.

Closure and Demolition

By the late 20th century, the South Carolina Penitentiary had become outdated and overcrowded. In 1994, the facility was closed, and its inmates were transferred to more modern prisons. The penitentiary was demolished shortly thereafter, and the site has since been redeveloped.

Related Pages

• Columbia, South Carolina
• American Civil War
• Maximum security prison
• Pee Wee Gaskins
• Prison labor