Space heater

Space_heater.jpg A typical electric space heater

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A space heater is a device used to heat a single, small area; central heating is used to heat many connected areas, such as the rooms of a house. Space heaters are powered by electricity or the combustion of fuel, such as natural gas, propane, fuel oil, or wood pellets. They are commonly used in homes, offices, and other indoor spaces to provide supplemental heating.

Types of Space Heaters

Space heaters can be broadly categorized based on their energy source and heating mechanism:

Electric Space Heaters

Electric space heaters are the most common type and include several subtypes:

• Convection Heaters: These heaters warm the air in a room by circulating it over a heated element. Examples include oil-filled radiators and ceramic heaters.
• Radiant Heaters: These heaters emit infrared radiation that directly warms objects and people in their path. They are ideal for spot heating.
• Fan Heaters: These use a fan to blow air over a heating element, distributing warm air throughout the room.

Fuel-Burning Space Heaters

These heaters burn fuel to produce heat and are often used in areas where electricity is not available:

• Kerosene Heaters: Portable and often used in garages or workshops.
• Propane Heaters: Commonly used for outdoor heating or in well-ventilated indoor spaces.
• Natural Gas Heaters: Typically installed in homes with a natural gas supply.

Safety Considerations

Space heaters can pose safety risks if not used properly. Key safety tips include:

• Keeping the heater at least three feet away from flammable materials.
• Ensuring the heater is on a stable, level surface.
• Using heaters with safety features such as tip-over protection and overheat protection.
• Avoiding the use of extension cords with electric heaters.

Energy Efficiency

The energy efficiency of a space heater depends on its design and usage. Some models come with thermostats and timers to help manage energy consumption. Using a space heater in conjunction with a central heating system can reduce overall energy use by allowing for zone heating.

History

The development of space heaters began in the early 20th century with the invention of the electric heater by Albert Leroy Marsh, who developed the first metal heating element. Over the years, advancements in technology have led to more efficient and safer designs.

Applications

Space heaters are used in various settings, including:

• Residential homes for supplemental heating.
• Offices to provide personal comfort.
• Workshops and garages where central heating is not available.
• Outdoor spaces such as patios and decks.

Also see

• Central heating
• HVAC
• Radiant heating
• Thermostat