Speech pathology

Speech Pathology is a field of expertise practiced by a Speech-Language Pathologist that specializes in the evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment of communication disorders, voice disorders, and swallowing disorders. Speech pathology is considered a related health profession or allied health profession. Speech pathologists work with patients who may have problems with speech, or with processing and understanding language.

History

The field of Speech Pathology has its roots in elocution and rhetoric as practiced in ancient Greece. However, it was not until the 20th century that it began to emerge as a distinct profession. The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) was established in 1925 and has played a significant role in the development of the profession in the United States.

Scope

Speech pathologists work with individuals who have a variety of speech and language disorders. These can include articulation disorders, language disorders, voice disorders, fluency disorders such as stuttering, and cognitive-communicative disorders. They also work with individuals who have oral feeding and swallowing difficulties, which can occur in a variety of medical conditions, including neurological disorders, physical disabilities, and developmental disabilities.

Education and Training

In most countries, a master's degree is required to become a practicing speech pathologist. This includes coursework in anatomy, physiology, the nature of disorder, assessment, treatment, and research. Clinical experience is also a significant component of training. In the United States, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) accredits graduate programs in speech pathology.

Practice

Speech pathologists work in a variety of settings, including schools, hospitals, rehabilitation centers, and private practice. They may work with patients one-on-one or in group settings. They often work as part of a multidisciplinary team, which can include doctors, nurses, occupational therapists, physical therapists, and social workers.

See Also

• Audiology
• Language disorder
• Stuttering
• American Speech-Language-Hearing Association