Spinal puncture

Spinal Puncture (also known as a Lumbar Puncture or Spinal Tap) is a medical procedure where a needle is inserted into the lower part of the spinal column. This procedure is typically performed to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic testing or to administer medication.

Procedure

The patient is usually positioned on their side with their knees drawn up to their chest, or sitting and leaning forward. The area around the lower spine is cleaned and a local anesthetic is applied. A thin needle is then inserted between two vertebrae in the lower spine, into the space filled with CSF. Once the needle is in place, pressure measurements can be taken and samples of CSF can be collected for laboratory analysis.

Uses

Spinal puncture is used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It can help diagnose serious infections, such as meningitis or encephalitis, diseases of the central nervous system, like multiple sclerosis, or cancers of the brain or spinal cord. Therapeutically, it can be used to administer drugs directly into the CSF or to relieve pressure from an excessive buildup of CSF.

Risks and Complications

While generally considered safe, a spinal puncture can cause complications such as headaches, infections, bleeding in the spinal canal, and damage to the nerves or spinal cord.

See Also

• Cerebrospinal Fluid
• Meningitis
• Encephalitis
• Multiple Sclerosis

Spinal puncture Resources
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