Splanchnic

Splanchnic refers to the visceral parts of the body, particularly those forming part of the alimentary canal. The term is often used to describe several nerves, arteries, and veins in the thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic regions.

Anatomy

The splanchnic nerves are paired visceral nerves (nerves that contribute to the innervation of the internal organs), carrying fibers of the autonomic nervous system (visceral efferent fibers) as well as sensory fibers from the organs (visceral afferent fibers). All carry sympathetic fibers except for the pelvic splanchnic nerves, which carry parasympathetic fibers.

Splanchnic nerves

The splanchnic nerves include:

• Greater splanchnic nerve
• Lesser splanchnic nerve
• Least splanchnic nerve
• Lumbar splanchnic nerves
• Sacral splanchnic nerves
• Pelvic splanchnic nerves

Splanchnic arteries

The splanchnic arteries include:

• Celiac artery
• Superior mesenteric artery
• Inferior mesenteric artery

Splanchnic veins

The splanchnic veins include:

• Hepatic portal vein
• Splenic vein
• Superior mesenteric vein
• Inferior mesenteric vein

Clinical significance

Splanchnic circulation is a major component of the circulatory system, supplying the gastrointestinal tract with oxygen and nutrients, and transporting waste products away. It is subject to various disorders, such as portal hypertension, which can lead to serious complications.

See also

• Splanchnology
• Splanchnic circulation