Spotted cowbane

Spotted Cowbane (Cicuta maculata) is a perennial, herbaceous plant native to North America. It is a member of the Apiaceae family, which includes other well-known plants such as carrots, parsley, and celery. The plant is known for its distinctive purple-spotted stems and white, umbrella-shaped flower clusters. However, despite its attractive appearance, Spotted Cowbane is highly toxic and can be fatal if ingested.

Description

Spotted Cowbane typically grows to a height of 1-2 meters. Its stems are smooth, hollow, and bear distinctive purple spots. The leaves are double-compound, with each leaflet being lance-shaped and serrated. The plant produces white flowers in umbrella-shaped clusters, a characteristic feature of the Apiaceae family.

Distribution and Habitat

Spotted Cowbane is native to North America and can be found in a variety of habitats, including wet meadows, marshes, and the edges of ponds and streams. It is most commonly found in the northeastern and midwestern regions of the United States, as well as in southern Canada.

Toxicity

All parts of the Spotted Cowbane plant are highly toxic due to the presence of cicutoxin, a potent neurotoxin. Ingestion of the plant can lead to symptoms such as nausea, seizures, and respiratory failure, and can be fatal in severe cases. The plant poses a particular risk to livestock, as it remains toxic even when dried and can contaminate hay.

Management and Control

Due to its toxicity, management and control of Spotted Cowbane is important, particularly in areas used for livestock grazing. Control methods include mechanical removal and the use of herbicides. However, care must be taken when handling the plant due to its toxic nature.

See Also

• Water Hemlock
• Poisonous Plants
• Apiaceae