Steatornithidae

Steatornithidae is a family of birds in the order Caprimulgiformes, commonly known as the Oilbird. The family is monotypic, meaning it contains only one species, the Oilbird (Steatornis caripensis).

Taxonomy

The Steatornithidae family is classified under the order Caprimulgiformes, which also includes nightjars and nighthawks. The family is monotypic, containing only one species, the Oilbird (Steatornis caripensis). The Oilbird is the only species in the genus Steatornis.

Description

The Oilbird is a medium-sized bird, measuring 40-49 cm in length and weighing 400-600 grams. It has a wingspan of 95 cm. The bird is known for its unique, oily plumage, which gives it its common name. The Oilbird's feathers are dark brown with white spots, and it has a hooked beak and whisker-like bristles around its mouth.

Distribution and habitat

The Oilbird is native to the northern regions of South America, including Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Trinidad and Tobago. It inhabits the subtropical and tropical moist montane forests and caves in these regions.

Behavior and ecology

The Oilbird is a nocturnal bird, spending its days roosting in caves and venturing out at night to forage for food. It is the only bird known to use echolocation, similar to bats, to navigate in the dark. The bird's diet primarily consists of fruits, especially palm fruits.

Conservation status

The Oilbird is currently listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List due to its wide distribution and large population. However, habitat loss and hunting pose threats to the species.

See also

• List of birds of South America
• List of birds of Trinidad and Tobago