Stellate cells

Stellate cells are a type of cell that can be found in various organs of the body. They are named for their star-like shape. In the liver, they are known as hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), and in the pancreas, they are known as pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). They play a crucial role in the body's response to injury and in the development of organ fibrosis.

Function

Stellate cells have a variety of functions depending on their location. In the liver, HSCs are involved in the storage of vitamin A and the production of extracellular matrix proteins. When the liver is damaged, HSCs can transform into myofibroblast-like cells and contribute to the development of liver fibrosis.

In the pancreas, PSCs are involved in the regulation of the extracellular matrix and the inflammatory response. They can also transform into myofibroblast-like cells in response to pancreatic injury and contribute to the development of pancreatic fibrosis.

Role in disease

Stellate cells play a significant role in the development of organ fibrosis, a condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins. This can lead to the loss of organ function. In the liver, this can result in cirrhosis, and in the pancreas, it can lead to chronic pancreatitis.

Stellate cells are also involved in the progression of certain types of cancer. In hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver cancer, HSCs can promote tumor growth and metastasis. In pancreatic cancer, PSCs can create a dense fibrotic stroma that protects cancer cells from chemotherapy.

Research

Research into stellate cells is ongoing, with the aim of developing new treatments for fibrotic diseases and cancer. Strategies include targeting the activation of stellate cells, inhibiting their production of extracellular matrix proteins, and disrupting their interactions with other cells.

Stellate cells Resources
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