Sternocostal joint

Sternocostal Joints are the articulations connecting the sternum (breastbone) and the costae (ribs). They are a type of synovial joint, which allows for movement and flexibility in the thoracic cage.

Anatomy

The sternocostal joints are formed by the connection of the costal cartilages of the first seven ribs to the sternum. The first sternocostal joint, where the first rib meets the sternum, is a synchondrosis, a type of cartilaginous joint where the connecting material is hyaline cartilage. The remaining sternocostal joints (2-7) are synovial joints, specifically plane joints, which allow for gliding movements.

Function

The primary function of the sternocostal joints is to provide structural support and flexibility to the thoracic cage. This flexibility is crucial for respiration, as it allows the rib cage to expand and contract with the movements of the diaphragm and intercostal muscles.

Clinical Significance

Injuries or conditions affecting the sternocostal joints can lead to pain and restricted movement. Costochondritis, an inflammation of the costal cartilages, can cause severe chest pain and is often mistaken for cardiac conditions. Tietze syndrome, a rare inflammatory disorder, involves the swelling of the costal cartilages and can also affect the sternocostal joints.

See Also

• Costovertebral joint
• Costotransverse joint
• Intercostal space
• Thoracic cage