Streptococcal infection

Streptococcal infection refers to a bacterial infection caused by members of the genus Streptococcus. Streptococci are divided into two key groups: Group A and Group B, and are further classified based on whether they are able to break down red blood cells (hemolysis).

Group A

Group A streptococci (GAS) are often found in the throat and on the skin. They are responsible for a number of infections, including pharyngitis, impetigo, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis. The most severe GAS disease, Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome (STSS), is a rare but life-threatening condition.

Group B

Group B streptococci (GBS) are most commonly found in the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts. They can cause serious illness in newborns, the elderly, and adults with other illnesses. The most common problems caused by GBS are meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis in newborns.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of streptococcal infection typically involves a physical examination and a throat culture. In some cases, a blood test may be required.

Treatment

Treatment for streptococcal infection usually involves antibiotics. Penicillin is often the first choice. For people who are allergic to penicillin, other antibiotics such as erythromycin and clindamycin can be used.

Prevention

Prevention of streptococcal infection can be achieved through good hygiene practices. This includes regular hand washing, not sharing personal items, and covering the mouth when coughing or sneezing.

See also

• Streptococcus
• Bacterial infection
• Antibiotics

Streptococcal infection Resources
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