Suillus

Suillus luteus 2

Suillus americanus 53663

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Suillus bovinus Alberto Vázquez

Suillus brevipes 78

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Suillus granulatus 1

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Suill.grev

Suillus is a genus of basidiomycete fungi, encompassing several species commonly known as slippery jacks or butter mushrooms. These fungi are characterized by their mycorrhizal relationships with pine trees, aiding in the nutrient exchange between the soil and the trees. Suillus species are notable for their distinctive features, including slimy or sticky caps, pores instead of gills beneath the cap, and a ring or veil remnants on the stalk.

Description

Suillus mushrooms typically have a cap that can vary in color from brown to yellowish, often covered with a slimy or sticky layer that can be washed off by rain. The underside of the cap does not have gills, unlike many other mushrooms, but instead, it has pores that release spores. The stalk may have a ring or remnants of a veil that once covered the pores during the early growth stages. The flesh of these mushrooms is generally soft, and the color can vary depending on the species.

Ecology

Suillus species play a crucial role in forest ecosystems through their symbiotic relationship with pine trees. They form mycorrhizae, a mutually beneficial association where the fungus assists the tree in absorbing water and nutrients from the soil, while the tree provides the fungus with carbohydrates produced through photosynthesis. This relationship is essential for the survival and health of both organisms and helps in the stabilization of soil structure.

Distribution

The genus Suillus is widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere, particularly in regions where pine trees are prevalent. Some species have also been introduced to the Southern Hemisphere, along with their pine hosts.

Edibility

Many Suillus species are edible, though their quality is considered inferior to more popular mushrooms like button mushrooms or porcini. The slimy cap is often removed before cooking due to its texture. Some species may require thorough cooking to break down potentially irritating compounds.

Species

There are numerous species within the Suillus genus, including:

• Suillus luteus – commonly known as the slippery jack
• Suillus granulatus – known for granules on the stem rather than a ring
• Suillus bovinus – often found in association with young pine trees

Conservation

While Suillus species are not generally considered endangered, their dependence on pine forests for survival makes them susceptible to the effects of deforestation and habitat destruction. Conservation of pine forests is essential for the preservation of these mycorrhizal fungi.

Gallery

Note: As per the instructions, no images are included.

See also

• Mycorrhiza
• Fungi
• Pine trees
• Edible mushrooms