Superior dental plexus

Diagram of the distribution of the maxillary and mandibular nerves, and the submaxillary ganglion.

The Superior Dental Plexus is a network of nerves located in the upper jaw, specifically in the maxilla. It is formed by the anterior, middle, and posterior superior alveolar nerves, which are branches of the maxillary nerve, itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve. The superior dental plexus innervates the upper teeth and the surrounding gums.

Structure

The superior dental plexus is formed by the anterior, middle, and posterior superior alveolar nerves. These nerves branch off from the maxillary nerve, which is the second branch of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth cranial nerve. The superior dental plexus is located in the maxilla, the upper jawbone.

The anterior superior alveolar nerve innervates the incisors and the canine tooth. The middle superior alveolar nerve innervates the premolars, and the posterior superior alveolar nerve innervates the molars.

Function

The superior dental plexus provides sensory innervation to the upper teeth and the surrounding gums. This means it carries sensory information, such as pain, temperature, and touch, from these areas to the brain. It plays a crucial role in dental health, as it allows for the sensation of pain in response to dental issues such as cavities or infections.

Clinical significance

Understanding the structure and function of the superior dental plexus is important in dentistry, particularly in procedures that require local anesthesia, such as fillings, root canals, and extractions. Anesthetics are often injected into the plexus to numb the area and prevent pain during these procedures.

See also

• Inferior dental plexus
• Maxillary nerve
• Trigeminal nerve