Superior hypogastric plexus

The Superior Hypogastric Plexus (shown in red) is a part of the autonomic nervous system.

The Superior Hypogastric Plexus (also known as the Presacral Nerve Plexus) is a complex network of nerves located in the lower abdomen, specifically in the retroperitoneal space. It is a part of the Autonomic Nervous System, which controls the body's involuntary functions.

Anatomy

The Superior Hypogastric Plexus is formed by the union of the left and right Hypogastric Nerves, which descend on either side of the Rectum. It is located anterior to the L5 vertebra and the sacral promontory. The plexus then divides into left and right Hypogastric Nerves, which continue inferiorly to form the Inferior Hypogastric Plexus.

Function

The Superior Hypogastric Plexus carries both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. The sympathetic fibers originate from the Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves, while the parasympathetic fibers originate from the S2-S4 Nerves. These fibers innervate various pelvic organs, including the Bladder, Rectum, and reproductive organs.

Clinical Significance

Damage or disruption to the Superior Hypogastric Plexus can result in various clinical conditions, including chronic pelvic pain and sexual dysfunction. It is also a target for Neurolytic Block, a procedure used to alleviate cancer-related pelvic pain.

See Also

• Autonomic Nervous System
• Inferior Hypogastric Plexus
• Hypogastric Nerves