Pubic symphysis

Pubic symphysis is a cartilaginous joint that is located between the left and right pubic bones near the front of the pelvis. This joint is covered by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage on the surface of the bones, which is in turn covered by a thick fibrocartilaginous disk.

Anatomy

The pubic symphysis is located approximately 1 cm above the urethra in men and above the vagina in women. It is a secondary cartilaginous joint, which means it is a joint that is both fibrous and cartilaginous. The joint is stabilized by a network of ligaments, including the superior pubic ligament, the inferior pubic ligament, and the anterior and posterior pubic ligaments.

Function

The primary function of the pubic symphysis is to absorb shock and allow slight movement between the left and right pubic bones. This slight movement is especially important during childbirth, as it allows the pelvis to expand slightly and facilitate the passage of the baby through the birth canal.

Clinical significance

Conditions that can affect the pubic symphysis include osteoarthritis, pubic symphysis diastasis, and osteitis pubis. Osteoarthritis of the pubic symphysis, which is a form of degenerative joint disease, can cause pain and limited movement. Pubic symphysis diastasis is a condition in which the pubic symphysis widens too much; this can occur during childbirth or due to trauma. Osteitis pubis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the pubic symphysis and surrounding muscle and can be caused by trauma, surgery, or strenuous activities.

See also

• Pelvic girdle
• Sacroiliac joint
• Hip joint