Suppressor T cell

Suppressor T cell

Suppressor T cells, also known as T regulatory cells or Tregs, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system, maintain tolerance to self-antigens, and prevent autoimmune disease. Tregs are immunosuppressive and generally suppress or downregulate induction and proliferation of effector T cells.

Function

Suppressor T cells play a crucial role in the immune system. They prevent autoimmune diseases by suppressing the immune response that could potentially attack the body's own cells. They also help to control the immune response to non-self antigens, such as pathogens and allergens.

Development

Tregs develop in the thymus, an organ located in the chest, where they learn to distinguish between self and non-self antigens. Once they leave the thymus, they circulate in the body and perform their function of immune regulation.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the number or function of Tregs can lead to diseases. A decrease in their number or function can lead to autoimmune diseases, while an increase can lead to excessive immune suppression and increased susceptibility to infections.

See also

• Immune system
• Autoimmune disease
• Thymus